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1945: Papanicolau first
observed ferning (crystal formation) in
dried cervical fluid. He demonstrated way
that uterus secretion, after leaving thin
layer for some time to dry in glass tube,
transforms in tree-like form of crystals,
which were much more present when estrogen
was active, but almost imperceptible or
drastically reduced in the phase when lutein
hormone was active.;
1957: Dr. C. Andreoli & DR.
M. Della Porta, an Italian gynecologists, in
their Study “Research of saliva secret
crystallization in menstrual cycle” in
Clínica Ostetrica Ginecologica
dell’Universita di Torino (published in
“MINERVA GYNECOLOGICA”, pp.433 – 435),
claimed “with certainty that appearance of
saliva crystallization can coincide with
appearance of discrete phase of pregnancy,
which all points out to activity of lutein
hormone secretion”. They also concluded that
“that crystallization had appearance and
spread like fern, but with different
characteristics in different phases of
menstrual cycle…. Large numbers of crystals
characterized by fern-leaf branches,
mutually entangled and crossed, get this
kind of form only at the middle of menstrual
cycle, when estrogen activity is highest and
when cocoon burst”
1968: Dr. Biel Cassals, a
Spanish gynecologist, studied the
crystallization of saliva and concluded that
the ferning of saliva is virtually identical
in appearance to the arborization effect of
cervical fluid (Published in “MEDICINA
CLINICA”, 1968, Tom L/No.6, page 385-392);
1989: Tandra Pal & Asok K
Bhattacharyya, Calcutta University College
of Science, India, concluded that the
evaluations of salivary LDH and LAP
activities are reliable for the prediction
of onset of ovulation. Moreover, saliva is
an easily available body fluid, so these
efforts may establish an easy method for the
detection of ovulation (Published in “Indian
Journal of Experimental Biology” Vol. 27,
August 1989, pp. 695-698);
1991: M. Guida, Institute of
Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic in Napoli,
Italy, study achieved a 92% positive result
matching saliva ferning to the fertile
preovulatory and ovulatory period;
1992: M. Barbato, A. Pandolfi,
M. Guida study found direct correlation
between saliva ferning and the fertile
period, stating that “salivary ferning may
be used as a new parameter to aid women to
detect the fertile period in combination
with other sympto-thermal methods of
ovulation detection”.
1992: 2nd Department of
Gynecology & Obstetrics in Brno,
Czechoslovakia studied 300 women from an in
vitro fertilization program who used a
handheld microscope device to track saliva
ferning and ovulation period. Results from
the study determined a definite correlation
between estrogen activity and the
crystallization of saliva, classifying the
reliability as “very high level”. When
combined with the basil temperature method,
a 99% reliability rate was claimed;
1994: Clinical Center of
Serbia conducted a study “Determination of
Fertile and Infertile Days of the Menstrual
Cycle of Women by Using the Saliva
Crystallization Test” and found saliva
ferning to be as effective as cervical mucus
analysis and ultrasonographic folliculometry.
In addition, they said that “the special
validity of this test (mini-microscope
saliva tester) is its certainty of reaction,
especially in preovulatory period and the
period of ovulation”. Their conclusion was
that (saliva tester) “owing to its
simplicity and validity, deserves a
systematic application in determining
fertile and infertile days in the course of
the menstrual cycle”;
1994: G. Galati & E. Trapani,
Italian gynecologists conducted a study at
University of Roma, Department of Gynecology
using the Saliva Tester. They performed the
saliva test on 328 women and concluded, that
“accuracy, in determining fertile moments of
the monthly cycle, is close to 98%, higher
than other contraceptive devices” and that
the Saliva Tester “can be used to determine
the fertile period”.
2001: The first-ever U.S.
clinical study in compliance with United
States FDA requirements to test the
effectiveness of Mini Ovulation Microscope
saliva fertility tester versus a urine-based
ovulation tester. A 98% accuracy rate is
achieved and the results are submitted in
FDA 510(k) Summary in accordance with the
requirements of SMDA 1990 and 21 CFR 807.92.
The Maybe MOM Mini Ovulation Minimicroscope
is substantially equivalent to the compared
urine test. The both methods identify the
most fertile days of a women’s menstrual
cycle and impending ovulation. Mini
Ovulation Microscope detects the
characteristic ovulatory ferning pattern
seen in dried saliva. That ferning occurs
due to increased levels of ovulatory
hormones.
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